If you're expecting a baby then you're probably learning more all the time about the ways in which pregnancy can affect your body. One of the less immediately obvious effects of pregnancy can be dental health problems, but how does pregnancy affect your teeth and what can you safely do to protect your dental health?

What happens
Pregnancy hormones increase the flow of blood around the body, including to the gums. As a result, you may find that your gums become swollen and sensitive and they bleed after brushing. Not only uncomfortable in itself, having swollen gums makes it more likely that food remains will become stuck to the teeth and can lead to gum disease and increased plaque build up. At the same time, many pregnant women find that they frequently snack between meals to keep up energy levels, so teeth are more often exposed to plaque-causing acids. All of this increases the chances of tooth decay and cavities for pregnant women.

What you can do to prevent problems arising
Because of the higher than usual risk of tooth decay during pregnancy, it's important that you take good care of your teeth and gums throughout your pregnancy.

  • Brush your teeth and floss regularly - at least twice a day
  • Avoid sugary foods, refined carbohydrates and eat more fresh fruit and vegetables
  • Avoid fizzy and sugary drinks and don't drink too much sweet fruit juice
  • Make sure you visit your dentist for regular check-ups during pregnancy. If you can go and get a clean bill of dental health before falling pregnant then all the better

How do I deal with inflamed and sensitive gums?
If you do suffer from inflamed and bleeding gums in pregnancy then you may think it best not to floss or brush if your gums bleed afterwards, but in fact it's very important that you keep doing both.

  • Try brushing with a softer toothbrush and brush after each time you eat
  • Try rinsing your mouth with a little salt dissolved in water after brushing to help your gums heal
  • Visit your dentist regularly and have your teeth professionally cleaned several times during the pregnancy if possible

Are dental procedures safe when pregnant?
It's not only safe to go to the dentist during pregnancy, but more important than ever that you do so. Most dental treatments will be safe for pregnant women, but your dentist will be able to advise you on whether you're best leaving a treatment until after your child's birth. X-rays should be avoided in the early months but can later be done safely if your dentist knows you're pregnant and takes the necessary precautions - always tell your dentist if you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant. As an extra carrot, dental treatment on the NHS is completely free for pregnant women, right up to your child's first birthday.

Some dental care, such as some orthodontal treatments, may even be helped by your pregnancy due to the fact that your teeth become a little freer to move around in the gums, so it's well worth discussing timing with your dentist if you are considering an orthodontal procedure.